1. The role of steel healds in the weaving process
(1) Arrangement function: According to the structure of the woven fabric, the warp yarns are penetrated into the heddle eyes of the steel healds by manual or automatic drawing machines according to the process requirements, and are evenly drawn in sequence Arrange neatly.
(2) Shedding function: The warp yarns penetrate the heddle eye of the steel heddle. According to the requirements of the fabric structure, through the heddle lifting mechanism, the steel heddle moves up and down regularly, causing the warp yarns to open in layers.
2. Conditions that steel healds should meet in the weaving process
(1) In shuttleless looms, the speed is relatively high, generally 600r/min, and the highest can reach more than 800r/min. The warp yarns are driven to vibrate violently up and down. Therefore, the steel healds are required to have certain elasticity, toughness, hardness and wear resistance.
(2) The steel sheet heald body is straight and has good consistency, which is convenient for increasing the warp arrangement density and is suitable for weaving high-density thin fabrics to ensure fabric quality.
(3) The steel sheet heald must match the height and thickness dimensions of the upper and lower heald rods of the heald frame. This requires the steel sheet heald to be precise in length, and the geometry, size and limit deviation of the heald lug to be high in accuracy, which facilitates the steelwork. The patch healds slide freely and flexibly on the drawing-in rods, ensuring the consistency of the warp lifting opening, ensuring that the passage and arrangement of the warp yarns are not affected, and the weaving proceeds smoothly.
(4) The warp passes through the heddle eye, so the surroundings of the heddle eye must be smooth without any small burrs or edges. Otherwise, warp yarns may become hairy and yarn breakage may occur during weaving. In addition, the heald eye must have a certain twist angle to facilitate threading.
(5) For water-jet looms, the waterproof performance of steel healds, that is, corrosion resistance, is required to be high, so stainless steel materials are commonly used.
The surface of steel sheet healds made of carbon steel must be electroplated or other surface treated to improve its rust and corrosion resistance.
3. Characteristics of steel healds
Compared with traditional steel wire healds for shuttle looms, steel healds have the following characteristics:
(1) Simple structure, convenient manufacturing, and conducive to automated production.
(2) High strength, good elasticity and long service life.
(3) Since there is no twist at the heddle ears and heddle eyes, the opening of the warp yarns can be larger and the quality of the fabric can be improved.
(4) Since the steel healds are in the form of sheets, they can increase the arrangement density and are suitable for weaving high-density thin fabrics.
(5) For steel heddles whose heddle eye is 10mm below the center of the heddle length, since the center of gravity is under the heddle eye, the heddle is not easy to rotate around it, so it is convenient for the warp threading needle or threading hook of the automatic drawing machine to thread the warp. .
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