First, let’s take a look at bacteria and fungi that are easily confused.
What are bacteria and fungi?
Bacteria and fungi both have the word “bacteria” in their names and both belong to microorganisms. However, they have many differences in biological type, structure, size, proliferation method and name composition:
1.Differences in creature types:
Bacteria do not have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane and are prokaryotes; bacteria are all composed of single cells and are unicellular organisms;
Fungi have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane and belong to eukaryotes; fungi include both unicellular organisms composed of a single cell (such as yeast) and multicellular organisms composed of multiple cells (such as edible fungi, molds, etc. ).
2. Different cell structures:
Bacteria and fungi both have cell structures and are cellular organisms. They both have cell walls, cell membranes, and cytoplasm in their cell structures, but they have many differences, as shown in:
First, the composition of the cell wall is different: the main component of the bacterial cell wall is peptidoglycan, while the main component of the fungal cell wall is chitin.
Second, the composition of organelles in the cytoplasm is different: bacteria only have one organelle, ribosomes; fungi, in addition to ribosomes, also have endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, centrosomes and other organelles.
Third, bacteria do not have a formed nucleus, only nucleoids; fungi do.
Fourth, bacteria do not have chromosomes, and their DNA molecules exist alone; DNA and proteins in the fungal nucleus combine to form chromosomes (chromatin).
3. Cell sizes are different:
Prokaryotic cells are generally small, with a diameter of 1μm~10μm;
Eukaryotic cells are larger, with diameters generally ranging from 10 μm to 100 μm.
4. Different proliferation methods:
Bacteria are prokaryotes, which are single-celled organisms that proliferate through cell division. They have the unique method of prokaryotes’ proliferation – binary fission;
Fungi are eukaryotes, and cell proliferation mainly occurs through mitosis. Depending on the type of fungi, the main methods of individual proliferation include budding reproduction (such as yeast) and spore reproduction (edible fungi).
5. The name composition is different:
Although there is a word “bacteria” in the names of bacteria and fungi, the names of bacteria generally contain words describing the shape of bacteria such as ball, rod, arc, spiral, etc., with the exception of lactobacilli (actually lactobacilli); while the names of fungi contain It does not contain.
That’s all you need to know about bacteria and fungi. The next thing we need to know is about antibacterial treatment of home textiles, bedding, infant clothing, outdoor clothing, etc. Let us take for example, the main antibacterial agent is natural chitosan antibacterial agent. Speaking of chitosan, one of its remarkable properties is its ability to inhibit bacterial activity. Chitosan is easily soluble in weakly acidic solvents. It is particularly worth pointing out that the dissolved solution contains amino groups (NH2+), which inhibit bacteria by combining negative electrons. From the official website, we learned that the antibacterial property of its natural chitosan antibacterial agent is >99.9% (ATCC 6538, ATCC 4352). ATCC 6538 is Staphylococcus aureus and ATCC 4352 is Klebsiella pneumoniae, both categories of bacteria.
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