Protein, sugar, fat, vitamins, and minerals are the five well-known elements of life. With the development of medicine and life sciences, scientists have discovered the sixth element—chitin.
Chitin is a natural polymer that is second only to cellulose in nature. Chitin finishing can prevent felting and give the fabric a special style.
Wool fabric applications
After the wool fabric is treated with chitosan acidic solution, the dyeing rate and dyeing rate increase, and the dyeing temperature can be reduced and the dyeing time can be shortened. As the amount of negative charge carried by the wool fiber is reduced, the Coulomb repulsion of the negative charge on the fiber to the dye anion during the dyeing process is reduced. In addition, chitosan is evenly distributed on the fabric, which increases the density of amino cations (NH3+) on the surface of wool fibers, increases the number of polar groups on the surface, and improves hydrophilicity. The amino groups on chitosan have a strong effect on dye anions. The adsorption also increased, and the dye quickly adsorbed to the adsorption layer of chitosan, which significantly increased the dye concentration gradient between the wool surface and the interior, making it easier for the dye to diffuse into the interior of the fiber, and the diffusion speed increased.
Cotton fabric applications
Chitosan-treated cotton fabrics can cover up defects caused by immature cotton during the dyeing process; chitosan-treated silk fabrics greatly improve the dye uptake rate, saving 30% of dye compared with untreated silk fabrics. At the same time, chitosan-treated silk fabrics Polysaccharides are biodegradable, thus eliminating environmental pollution caused by the use of artificial synthetic resins, and have broad application prospects.
Application of printing and dyeing auxiliaries
Chitosan as a printing and dyeing auxiliary Chitosan, like starch and cellulose, can be used as a natural printing paste. It expands into a viscous solution in an acidic solution and has good compatibility with acidic and direct dyes.
Currently, the fixing agents commonly used for dyeing contain a certain amount of free formaldehyde, and the color fastness of some fixing agents is not ideal. The chitosan molecule contains a large amount of -NH2 and -OH, which has good affinity with the fiber and can be dissolved into the fiber and combined with the fiber active groups -OH and -NHi through hydrogen bonds or covalent bonds. Since chitosan is a nitrogen-containing anionic polymer, it will hardly form insoluble precipitates with various dyes except cationic dyes. Therefore, chitosan is considered an ideal fixing agent for anionic dyes.
Wastewater treatment applications
Chitosan is used to treat printing and dyeing wastewater. Currently, great progress has been made in the application research of chitin and chitosan as flocculants or adsorbents in wastewater treatment. The main reason is that although the conventionally used inorganic or organic flocculants are effective, , but the dosage is large, the operation is cumbersome, and the treatment cost is high. The molecular structure of chitosan contains a large number of primary amino groups that are bonded through coordination bonds to form an excellent polymer chelating agent. It can agglomerate dyes in wastewater and is non-toxic. , does not produce secondary pollution, and can capture heavy metal ions such as copper, chromium, zinc, etc. Therefore, it has broad application prospects in the environmental protection of the printing and dyeing industry. Extended reading: https://www.tpu-ptfe.com/post/7731.html
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