The geometric structure and supporting surface of fabric
The buckling waveform of warp and weft yarns changes between two extreme states. This change has an important impact on the performance and appearance of the fabric. The buckling waveforms of warp and weft yarns can continuously change between these two extreme states, and there can be countless buckling states. However, in order to facilitate research and comparison, some extraordinary waveform states need to be set. The geometric structural state of warp and weft yarns in specific waveforms is called the geometric structural phase of the fabric, or structural phase for short. Such a structural phase is defined as 0 (zero) structural phase. The cross-section of the fabric under this condition is shown in Figure 4-7. Fabrics with different geometric structures or different support surfaces have different performance and style. In many traditional fabrics, corresponding to the style characteristics of the fabric, there are corresponding geometric structures. For example, fabrics such as poplin or khaki are supported by warp yarn count and must have a higher geometric structure; linen, satin and brushed natural cotton fabrics are supported by weft yarn count and must have a relatively high geometric structure. Low geometric structure phase; various types of plain cloth, polyester-cotton fabrics and hose canvas fabrics. During the use of the fabric, the warp and weft yarns bear the action of external forces at the same time, and they all need to form fabrics with the same supporting surface. Therefore, the geometric structural phase of these fabrics is generally in the vicinity of the 5th structural phase or the 0th structural phase. Understand the geometric structure phase range that various products should belong to, and conduct section inspection of fabrics, which will help to study and explore the factors that affect fabric quality. Generally, fabrics with high-phase or low-phase geometric structures only consist of warp or weft yarns as the supporting surface of the fabric. Fabrics with high structural phase have high buckling waves in warp yarns, which require larger warp yarn density. The fabric has large warp shrinkage and long warp elongation at break. For fabrics that require small differences in physical and mechanical indicators between the warp and weft directions and are durable and durable, the fifth structure is generally adopted. Geometry of structural phases.
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