Silk fabric mechanical finishing equipment-steam ironing finishing equipment
Steam ironing finishing of silk fabric is also called steaming silk. It uses protein fibers under the combined action of moist heat and pressure ironing to make the surface of the fabric flat, stabilize the shape and size, reduce the shrinkage of the fabric, and obtain a soft and elastic feel. , and remove the “extreme finish” caused by the roller drying or rolling process, thereby making the fabric soft and smooth.
There are two types of silk steaming equipment: intermittent type and continuous type. Intermittent silk steaming machines generally use closed steaming machines for steaming woolen fabrics. The continuous silk steaming machine adopts a continuous steaming machine. The machine has an overfeeding device at the silk inlet, and is equipped with an efficient cooling and steaming system, as well as control devices for guidance, tension and straightening of the wrapping cloth, as shown in Figure 10-30 shown. The working principle of this equipment is basically the same as that of the felt finishing machine, except that the surface of the large roller has holes and the outside is sealed. The processed fabric and cotton flannel are wound together on the surface of the roller, and steam is sprayed into the large roller from the outside. , the felt and steamed fabric are suctioned in the roller, and part of the surface of the roller is used for drying and the other part is used for ironing. The machine is easy to operate and has good fabric cooling effect. It can be rolled up immediately at the silk exit point and can be used to sort thin, medium and thick fabrics. The blanket roller pressure is 294kPa (3kgf/cm2), and the vehicle speed is 20m/min. Some foreign silk steaming machines divide the steaming roller and the felt roller into two parts. Some equipment also adds an additional drying cylinder for drying the felt. Such equipment is used to steam silk fabrics. The silk effect is better, and the finished fabric can obtain the comprehensive effect of steam ironing and blanket shrinkage finishing.
In recent years, continuous steaming machines and flat-width continuous steam pre-shrinking machines have been used to jointly process silk fabrics. It overcomes defects such as fungus edges and fish scale wrinkles that occur after mechanical overfeeding, and removes the defects caused by mechanical overfeeding. The internal stress caused by mechanical tension and the perfect surface of the fabric maintain the original soft luster and full, thick, soft feel of real silk, and greatly reduce the shrinkage of the fabric.
The structural diagram of the open-width continuous steam pre-shrinking machine is shown in Figure 10-31. It consists of a superfeed roller, a fabric conveyor belt, a steam humidifying area, a drying area, and a cooling area. Due to the large overfeeding rate, the silk fabric is corrugated on the conveyor belt and moves forward with the conveyor belt. After entering the steam moistening area, saturated steam with strong suction effect on the upper and lower parts of the fabric is sprayed onto the fabric. The steam can penetrate into the fabric, causing the fabric to absorb moisture and puff up, improving the fabric condition of the warp (weft) yarns, so the steam effect good. A vibrating roller is installed under the conveyor belt. Due to its continuous rotation, it periodically beats the conveyor belt, causing the fabric to vibrate and continuously change its position and relax and shrink. After the fabric leaves the steam relaxation zone, the fabric can be quickly exhausted, cooled, and dried to maintain dimensional stability. The steaming area channel of this machine is small (about 1.5m long, and the shell is about 15cm high), so the steam consumption is not large. The top of the steaming area is equipped with a steam reheating chamber. Due to the high temperature at the top, the condensation water droplets are avoided. form. The process conditions of the steam shrinking machine are: steam pressure 392kPa (4kgf/cm2), vehicle speed 20m/min, and overfeeding of 5% to 6%.
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