Functional Fiber | How does it feel to make clothes from pineapple fiber?

Pineapple is a perennial herbaceous plant originating in Brazil, South America. It is one of the three famous fruits in the tropical region. In 1605 AD, Portuguese missionaries introduced pineapple from South America to Macau, China, and then to Hainan Island. In the early 17th century, it was spread to Fujian, Taiwan and Asia, and spread to all parts of the world. Pineapple pulp contains sodium, potassium and a variety of vitamins, among which the content of cellulose is quite rich. It is juicy and fragrant, moderately sweet and sour, and has a unique flavor. Moreover, the fiber of the veins of the pineapple is wrapped in colloid (that is, pineapple fiber). This fiber can be used for It can also be made into clothes, ropes, sutures, silk, paper and other products. It can be said that pineapples are valuable and are a very important economic crop.
　

Pineapple fiber and It is called pineapple fiber, or gulana fiber (amashun), pina fiber (Mexican name), mercerized bast fiber. This fiber comes from pineapple leaves of the Bromeliaceae family, including wild pineapple fiber, Colombian pineapple fiber, Yaghan pineapple fiber, Kaloa leaf fiber (Brazilian name) or Calates pineapple leaf fiber.

Pineapple fiber is made from pineapple leaves The fiber extracted from the pineapple leaf veins (commonly known as pineapple cut) is a leaf vein fiber. After removing the sharp thorns and gum on both sides of the pineapple leaf veins (commonly known as pineapple cut), the length of each fiber taken out is about 80 to 100 centimeters, and the diameter is only a quarter of the diameter of silk. , the fiber is soft and low in strength and cannot meet the requirements of spinning. Therefore, in the past, pineapple fiber could only be blended with other fibers to make fish nets, fabrics, paper, etc. Pineapple cloth is soft, highly moisture-resistant, slightly yellow in color and shiny.

Nowadays, pineapple fiber has undergone deep processing After treatment, its strength is higher than cotton, its appearance is white, soft and smooth, and it feels like silk and linen. It can not only spin 100% pineapple linen yarn, but also blend it with natural fibers or synthetic fibers. The woven cloth can be made into high-end Dresses, shirts, suits, etc.

Pineapple History of fibers:

As early as before the Republic of China, Taiwan already had the technology of using fibers from pineapple leaves to make yarn and weave it into clothing. Due to its excellent material, softness and strong water resistance, the woven fabric has a slight yellow luster and can be used as a substitute for silk. At that time, pineapple fiber was used as an emergency use when there was insufficient fiber in clothing. Related production, textile and export are mostly concentrated in Changhua, Nantou, Fengshi and other places.

Around the 32nd year of the Republic of China, because the income from weaving was comparable to that of civil servants At that time, farmers planted a large number of pineapples to obtain fiber. Near the village of Keng Nei in the Ershui area, every household, both men and women, were engaged in the work of extracting fiber and weaving. Ershui pineapple weaving was famous far and near. During the Japanese occupation, the weaving industry depended on different materials. It can be divided into two categories: “Jute weaving” and “Pineapple fiber”. On Beidou Street, “Jute weaving” is the most common. In addition to being used to make bags, woven jute is also used to interweave jute and qionma in Beidou. After the liberation, pineapple fiber was even spun with cotton yarn to make shirts. It was cool and durable. It was popular for a while, but later because of its high quality After the large-scale import of cheap cotton yarn and other fibers, the pineapple fiber, which was time-consuming to extract fiber, declined. Elderly people in Dajia, Lukang and other places especially like to wear coats made of pineapple cloth.

Pineapple fiber is obtained from the leaves of the pineapple plant. There are several fibers of varying length, each with a length of about 80 to 100 centimeters. After fiber extraction, they can be used as a good raw material for spinning and weaving. At present, fiber extraction methods can be divided into three types: manual fiber extraction, mechanical fiber extraction and chemical fiber extraction.

Various properties of pineapple fiber:

(1) Spinnability:

Recent advances in textile technology have had an impact on pineapple fiber The chemical treatment (degumming and modification) has been greatly improved, and the textile processing process and technology have also reached a certain level. Different spinning technology processes have been successfully used to spin pure spinning yarn of pineapple leaf weave and weave. Blended yarn.
　

In terms of pure spinning, it can be spun into 15Tex, 2lTex 100% pineapple fiber yarn. In terms of blended yarn, it can be spun into general carded yarn, combed yarn, yarn with counts of 11 English, 2L English, 30 English, etc. of 30% pineapple linen and 70% cotton. There are also 36Tex to 25Tex cotton and linen blended yarns with a content of 30%.

(2) Weavability:
　

100% handmade pineapple linen yarn (thread) can be used to weave fully handmade pineapple linen cloth, Fully handmade pineapple hemp taro weave cloth, pineapple hemp abaca weave cloth, pineapple hemp soil silk interweave cloth, pineapple hemp handmade cotton gauze interweave cloth.
　

The fabrics made of it are easy to print and dye, are sweat-absorbent, breathable, and stiff No wrinkles. It has good antibacterial and anti-odor properties and is suitable for making middle and high-level suits, shirts, culottes, bedding and decorative fabrics, etc.

Application prospects of pineapple fiber
　

A charity in the Philippines has produced a fashion sewn from silk and pineapple fiber fabric. This kind of pineapple leaf fiber fabric is called “Jebina” pina locally, and its composition is 50% silk and 50% pineapple leaf fiber. As the market’s acceptance gradually increases, the charity has decided to use the organization’s name (Rurungan Sa Tubod Foundation) as its trademark, and plans to launch a promotional sales campaign next year, inviting famous fashion designers to design new fashions, and promote the introduction Silk and pineapple leaf fiber mixed fabric to develop sales market.

The organization was founded five years ago to help the poor women. Now it sells some Filipino-style home decoration items, which are hand-woven from local abaca and palm tree fibers, including carpets, mats, tablecloths, curtains, shawls, etc. Recently, Jiebina fabrics have also been made into wedding dresses, public relations staff’s clothing and skirts, but further mass production is yet to be done. In the Philippines, pineapple fiber is a unique and fine fiber. Historically, it has been used to make high-end men’s ethnic shirts.

In addition, Japan Zhongfang Company also invented a method using For the new method of pineapple fiber, they improved the textile machinery, soaked the pure pineapple fiber in special oil, and then cut it into short fibers of 54 to 60 mm, which can be twisted into yarn and can be spun without mixing other fibers. Because pineapple fiber is very thin, the fabrics woven with it feel soft and are suitable for shirts, skirts, ties and various decorative fabrics. The application of pineapple fiber has attracted increasing attention.
Application status in China in recent years:
　

China Chongqing Dongyi Shabu Co., Ltd. was established in the early 1990s It has already begun to work on the development and application of pineapple leaf fiber. Not only has it made a major breakthrough in leaf extraction technology, but it has also worked with relevant units to solve a series of technical problems in the production process in subsequent product development. The company has developed a fully handmade 100% pineapple. Linen fabrics and machinery series products have attracted the attention of various textile industries and foreign businessmen. It is understood that the company can already provide pineapple hemp fiber raw materials and pineapple hemp fiber strips in batches. It can also provide 100% pineapple fiber woven fabrics of various count categories, blended yarn woven fabrics and various interwoven fabrics. .

Pineapple ( After nearly three years of research and development, the research project on “Pineapple” fiber properties and spinning technology has been completed and passed the technical appraisal in Shanghai. After systematic and in-depth research and exploration, the research team proved that the research results-the degumming and spinning process routes are suitable for the textile processing and application of pineapple fiber, thus laying a good foundation for the textile application of pineapple fiber in China. Relevant experts believe that the fiber performance research and spin basket fiber production process involved in this achievement are the first in China, and the research results have generally reached the international advanced level.

With the recent development of textile technology and the progress of production technology, the production of pineapple fiber has undergone in-depth exploration and systematic research by experts. , there is a consistent automated process from degumming to spinning, laying a good foundation for the development of pineapple fiber in textile applications.

Pineapple leaf fiber is the fifth generation of natural fiber after cotton, wool, silk and bast fiber. Its development and utilization has attracted great attention from the world’s textile industry. Its fiber fabrics are also gradually favored by people. Especially now that the public’s awareness of environmental protection is rising, naturally decomposed plant fibers are becoming more and more popular among consumers. Therefore, it is expected that pineapple leaf fiber will be used more and more in the future.

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