The relationship between cotton fiber and spinning
The relationship between cotton fiber and spinning
Cotton fiber
The fiber covered on the seeds of the Malvaceae Gossypium plant is also called cotton, or cotton for short. It is an important raw material for the textile industry. Cotton fiber products have good moisture absorption and breathability, are soft and warm. Cotton is mostly an annual plant. It develops from epidermal cells that grow on cotton seeds.
The growth of cotton fiber can be divided into three stages: elongation stage, thickening stage and turning stage. Cotton fiber is the main raw material of my country’s textile industry, and it occupies a very important position in textile fibers. Our country is one of the major cotton-producing countries in the world. At present, our country’s cotton output has entered the forefront. my country’s cotton cultivation is almost all over the country. Among them, the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin are the main ones, plus the northwest inland, Liaohe River Basin and South China, a total of five major cotton areas.
The relationship between the length of cotton fiber, yarn quality and spinning process:
Relationship with spinning quality:
When other conditions are the same, the longer the fiber length, the higher the yarn strength. On the premise of ensuring that the finished yarn has a certain strength, the longer the length of the cotton fiber, the finer the ultimate fineness of the spun yarn; the shorter the length of the cotton fiber, the thicker the ultimate fineness of the spun yarn.
The influence of fiber length uniformity on the strength of spun yarn cannot be ignored. When the short staple rate of the raw yarn is higher than 15%, the yarn strength will decrease significantly.
The longer the fiber length and the higher the length uniformity, the better the yarn evenness; when the fiber length is very short, especially when the length uniformity is poor, a large number of short fibers become floating fibers during the drafting process, causing the yarn evenness to deteriorate. Yarn quality deteriorates.
If the yarn strength requirements are the same, when spinning with longer fibers, a lower twist coefficient can be used. The fiber ends in the spun yarn will be less exposed, and the yarn surface will be smooth and clean with less hairiness.
Relationship with spinning technology:
From the structure and size of the cotton spinning machine to the process parameters of each process, everything must be closely coordinated with the length of the raw materials used. For example: when the length of cotton fibers is different, the beater pattern of the cotton cleaning machine should be changed.
Changes in the twist coefficient. When spinning with short fibers, the twist coefficient of the spun yarn is larger, while when spinning with long fibers, the twist coefficient is smaller
In addition, due to the poor length uniformity of cotton fibers, in order to increase the strength of the spun yarn and improve the evenness of the spun yarn, the carding process must be carried out. Exclude a large amount of short lint, control different combing noil rates, and control the uniformity of fiber length.
The relationship between fiber fineness, yarn quality and spinning technology:
1. When other conditions remain unchanged, the finer the fiber, the higher the strength of the yarn. In order to ensure that the finished yarn has a certain strength, fine fibers can be spun into thinner yarns.
2. The fineness of the fiber has a significant impact on the evenness of the yarn. The finer the fiber, the lower the evenness of the yarn.
3. The finer the fiber, the worse the rigidity. Fine fibers are not suitable for use as pile yarn for pile fabrics. 4. The finer the fiber, the easier it is to kink or break during processing. Improper cleaning and carding will easily produce a large number of short fibers, and a large number of neps will also be formed during drawing and high-speed drafting.
Determination of cotton fiber length:
It is divided into two categories: grouped measurement and non-grouped measurement. The grouping weighing method to measure the length of cotton fibers is divided into two types: roller grouping and comb grouping.
Determination of fineness of cotton fiber:
The measurement of fineness is divided into two types: direct and indirect.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of cotton fiber?
The biggest advantage is spinnability. The natural twist gives the cotton fiber a certain holding force, which is beneficial to the spinning process. Cotton fiber has good hygroscopicity and certain wear resistance, and the moisture regain rate reaches 8%. It has no static electricity, good moisture absorption and perspiration, good breathability, and is relatively close to the human body. Clothing made of it is comfortable to wear, has no pilling, and has a soft hand feel. It is resistant to alkali but not acid. It has excellent alkali resistance and generally does not cause any damage. Under humidity, the strength of cotton fiber will increase by 10%, but when the humidity is too low, the strength will be poor. Cotton has excellent dyeing properties and is easy to dye. C0aRBf
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