Briefly describe the mercerization process
1. Silk finishing process washing process
The semi-finished product after boiling and bleaching → padding with alkali solution → cloth ventilation → expanded rinsing → alkali removal and washing → (neutralization) → drying
2. Key points of silk finishing process
(1) Silk finishing caustic soda concentration: Different concentrations should be used according to different fabric varieties. This is an important key in the silk finishing process. Generally, pure cotton fabrics can use a NaOH solution with a concentration of 240 ~ 250g/L, linen fabrics should use a slightly lower alkali concentration, and pure cotton corduroy cloth should use a lower alkali concentration (commonly known as half-silk yarn) During the actual operation, it is very important to pay attention to the stability of the process concentration, and the fluctuation range should be controlled within ±5g/L, which is conducive to preventing color differences before and after the printed and dyed finished cloth. The silk finishing time is from the padding alkali After the liquid reaches the expansion area, it is generally required to wait for 50 ~ 60 seconds before diluting the alkali solution.
(2) The yarn expansion should be sufficient: it means that the expansion of pure cotton woven fabrics should reach or be close to the effective width of natural cotton fabrics, and the effective width of drop cloth should reach or be close to the effective width of the finished product. For spandex elastic fabric, the effective width of expansion depends on the specific variety and the on-site washing effect. It cannot be based on
Technical requirements for moving pure cotton woven fabrics.
(3) Clean alkali removal after the silk is finished: This is the last process requirement to ensure the quality of the finished silk products. When removing alkaline water, it is usually counter-current water washing. The clean water is replenished from the washing tank of the last grid and flows countercurrently to the alkali recovery tank one by one. Fully washing the caustic soda in fabrics with hot water not only facilitates the recovery of caustic soda and saves resources, but more importantly, it is beneficial to the finishing quality of subsequent processes.
(4) Quality control of finished silk unloading: The inspection and control of the quality of unloaded silk is the last key point to ensure the quality of finished silk products. Printing and dyeing factories will regard this as a quality management point. For the silk finishing process, the following indicators must be controlled.
① It is generally required that the effective width of the finished wire machine is equal to or close to the effective width of the finished product.
②The cloth surface should be clean to remove alkali, and the pH value of the cloth surface should be 6.5~8.0.
③ Check the cloth surface, which is required to be flat and free of curls, broken edges, wrinkles, scratches, holes and other defects.
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