Fine: a comprehensive gray fabric printing and dyeing process

1. Blank inspection and sewing of natural cotton fabrics:

A. The natural cotton fabrics are immediately sewn one by one into a large roll or box, called a vat. The number of vats varies depending on the type of cloth.

B. The blank inspection is mainly to control the quality of natural cotton cloth to see if there are any abnormalities such as drawn yarn, weft stops, dead folds, yellow spots, mildew spots, etc. At the same time, attention should be paid to checking whether the cloth type is consistent with the requirements. Under normal circumstances, a batch number is required for inspection.

2. Desizing:

A. In order to make the yarn lint-free during weaving, the yarn is sizing, so it must be desized before coloring to facilitate coloring.

B. If the desizing is not clean, defects such as color flowers and pulp spots will appear on the cloth surface after coloring.

C. After desizing, it is generally necessary to wash it with water, otherwise the fabric will have a high PH value and cause abnormal coloring and other abnormalities.

D. There are generally two desizing methods: in-cylinder desizing and long car desizing. Generally, the former has better desizing effect but low efficiency.

3. Coloring:

(1) Chemical fiber coloring method:

A. Normal temperature jig dyeing: the general temperature is below 100℃, mainly used for dyeing semi-finished nylon taffeta, nylon Oxford, nylon twill, etc. This method is prone to abnormalities such as color differences between the head and tail, color differences between the left, middle and right sides, and creases.

B. High-temperature jig dyeing: The temperature is generally around 130°C. It is mainly used to dye polyester taffeta, N66, nylon finished fabric, polyester Oxford (filament), etc. This method is easy to produce hair. Differences in tail color, left, middle and right colors, creases, color spots and other abnormalities.

C. Overflow dyeing: The temperature is about 100℃ to 130℃. It is mainly used to dye polyester such as pongee, peach skin brushed, polyester Oxford, Taslon, and polyester. Overflow dyeing can also be used for polyester spun fabrics such as staggered ones, and this method can also be used for nylon spun fabrics and other fabrics that require dyeing and wrinkles. This method is easy to produce abnormalities such as color flowers, chicken claw marks, and straight strips of dyeing and folding. D. Beam coloring: Suitable for all kinds of fabrics, but it must be used reasonably according to quality requirements. The coloring temperature can be controlled between 100°C and 130°C. This method is prone to abnormalities such as shallow edges and layer differences.

(2) Coloring methods for other fabric types:

A. Cotton cloth coloring: Generally, long car coloring (large batches are required), pad dyeing (can be large or small batches), and overflow coloring (medium and small batches). Reactive dyes (good fastness), direct dyes (poor fastness), and vat dyes (good fastness) can be used.

B, N/C, C/N coloring: Generally, overflow coloring is used. Cotton is dyed first and then nylon. Reactive dyes are used to dye cotton, and acid dyes are used to dye nylon (with better fastness) ). Direct dyes are also used for one-time dyeing (poor fastness).

C, T/C, C/T coloring: Generally, overflow coloring is used, polyester is dyed first and then cotton is dyed. Disperse dyes are used for polyester and reactive dyes are used for cotton (good fastness) . There are also long car dyeing methods, one-time dyeing, and direct dyeing (poor fastness).

(3) Dye classification:

A. Acid dyes: used for dyeing nylon fabrics. Generally, the color must be fixed to improve the dyeing fastness. It is also necessary to pay attention to the selection of dye combinations and adopt a reasonable coloring process. Improper selection of color fixing agent or too high dosage will result in hard hand feel.

B. Disperse dyes: used for dyeing polyester fabrics. Generally, reduction washing is used to improve the dyeing fastness. At the same time, attention should be paid to the selection of dye combinations and the adoption of reasonable coloring processes. Disperse dyes pay great attention to the problems of dye migration and sublimation fastness.

C. Reactive dyes and direct dyes: are low-temperature dyes.

4. Drying:

(generally divided into two types: drum drying and non-contact drying)

A. Non-contact drying includes non-contact dryers and setting machines. There is no contact between the fabric and the heater. Drying is achieved by spraying hot air onto the fabric. It is mainly used for drying overflow-colored products to maintain the loose and rich feel of the fabric. The cost is higher than that of drum drying.

B. Drum drying: The cloth and the drum are in direct contact, and the drum is heated to achieve the purpose of drying the cloth. Mainly used for jig dyeing and warp beam dyeing products (such as nylon yarn, polyester yarn, nylon Oxford, polyester filament yarn Oxford…The thickness and feel of the fit, the peel strength of the fit, the quality of the adhesive surface, etc.

9. Other finishing: dry PU (release paper), lamination, PU leather, etc.

10. Washing: Some cotton, N/C, and T/C also need to go through the washing process. There are three types of washing: general washing, soft washing, and enzyme washing (to remove floating hair on the surface of cotton cloth).

11. Inspection: Inspect the quality of finished products, classify them into grades, package them and arrange them for shipment. Generally, inspection records and matching discrepancies must be posted. If you have any questions, please report them to the salesperson promptly so that you can communicate with customers in a timely manner.

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