Technology | Discussion on the causes and control methods of hairiness of polyester-viscose yarn produced by ring spinning

At present, with the diversification of new chemical fiber fiber functions, the production of chemical fiber blended chemical fiber fabric yarn will become the mainstream trend, especially viscose
Because the proportion of raw materials and chemical fiber blended chemical fiber fabrics will increase, it is very necessary to explore ways to control the hairiness of polyester-viscose blended chemical fiber fabrics. Polyester-viscose yarn has fewer chemical fiber crimps, while viscose fiber has a smooth feel, poor cohesion between fibers, and static electricity is easily generated during the production process.
The feathers will be heavier.

Therefore, it is necessary to study the causes of hairiness in polyester-viscose yarn produced by ring spinning, analyze various factors that affect ring spinning hairiness, and take measures to reduce hairiness to meet user requirements.

1 The morphology and related characteristics of ring spinning hairiness

1.1 Hairiness morphology of ring spinning yarn

Looking from the cross section of the yarn: hairiness exists around the spinning yarn. Looking along the axial direction of the yarn, the hairiness shapes of the elongated yarn body are different and smaller in length.

Generally divided into three basic forms:

End hairiness: The ends of the fiber protrude from the surface of the yarn core, while the rest
Partially wrapped in spun yarn. For end hairiness, according to the running direction of the spinning yarn, it is divided into head hairiness, tail hairiness and bidirectional hairiness. Normally, end hairiness accounts for the vast majority of hairiness in ring-spun yarns.

Loop hairiness: The two ends of the fiber are wrapped by the spinning yarn, and the middle part is arched out
Form a circle or ring.

Floating hairiness: Loose fibers attached to the surface of spinning yarn.

1.2 The formation mechanism of hairiness in ring spinning

According to the hairiness formation mechanism, the hairiness of ring spinning yarn is divided into twist hairiness and process hairiness.

Twisted hairiness is mainly a defect caused by the twisting process of the whiskers. When the fibers are twisted, the slivers output from the front roller are in a flat state, and the fibers are arranged parallel to the yarn axis. The twist generated by the rotation of the traveler is transmitted to the front roller jaws, causing the whiskers at the jaws to rotate around the axis. The width of the whiskers gradually shrinks, and the two sides are gradually folded and rolled into the center of the yarn, forming a twisting triangle area. In the twisted triangle, the width and cross-section of the whiskers change, from a flat ribbon to an approximately cylindrical yarn. When the strands are twisted, in addition to changes in geometric structure, there is also a transfer of the inner and outer layers of the fiber. Under the action of spinning tension, the centripetal pressure on the fibers outside the center fiber causes the fibers in the twisted triangle to squeeze toward the center and the center fiber toward the edge due to the mechanical conditions generated by the spinning tension. When the edge fibers are squeezed into the center, the centripetal pressure they receive tends to zero, and they are squeezed out by some edge fibers. A fiber often moves from the inside to the outside, and from the outside to the inside, causing repeated transfer of the inner and outer fibers to each other. When the head end of the fiber is extruded and separated from other fibers, it is no longer pressed inward because there is no tension and centripetal pressure.
Instead, it remains on the surface of the yarn body to form hairiness.

It can be seen from the above analysis that the twisting triangle area plays a decisive role in the formation of hairiness on the surface of spinning yarn. The width of the roller output whiskers before controlling the spinning yarn is a key factor in controlling the twisted hairiness of the yarn (small width means that the centripetal pressure fluctuation range of the fibers is small, and the intensity of repeated mutual transfer of the fibers is small, which is conducive to reducing hairiness). It has been verified by the compact spinning process. At the same time, the structural state of the fibers in the sliver, the level of lint content, the mutual cohesion between fibers and the control of spinning tension are also crucial to the influence of yarn hairiness.

Process hairiness is mainly caused by the friction between the spinning yarn and the spinning yarn channel during the spinning process.The state of the loop, the state of the grooved cylinder, the arc length of the spinning yarn on the grooved cylinder are closely related to the winding speed.

(3) Solving the hairiness problem of polyester-viscose blended chemical fiber fabric yarn is a systematic project. We should have an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of raw materials and respond correctly, strengthen equipment management and operation management, optimize the process, and rationally select orchestration
materials, and carry out detailed and effective work in adjusting temperature and humidity with seasonal changes in climate, so that the process is reasonable, the equipment is intact, the channels are clean, the machine is free of sticking, tangled, hung, and blocked, the environment is clean, and the logistics is orderly, and we continue to improve. Minimize harmful hairiness.

(4) The hairiness of polyester-viscose blended chemical fiber fabric yarn is one of the more difficult varieties to control, and key processes must be grasped. Hairiness is mainly formed in the spun yarn and grows in the winding. The spinning process is not only the production point of twisting hairiness, but also the serious increase point of hairiness. It is the key process to control hairiness. In the winding process, due to the high winding speed and the different winding speeds at each point of the tapered bobbin, the spinning yarn is
Large slippage will occur during the process. Therefore, the hairiness after the bobbin warp will be seriously deteriorated. Therefore, the winding process is the serious point where hairiness occurs in the spinning process, and it is also another important focus for us to solve the hairiness problem.

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