Warp and weft identification of general fabrics, difference between warp and weft
(1) If the fabric to be identified has a selvedge, the direction of the spinning yarn parallel to the selvedge is the warp direction, and the other direction is the weft direction.
(2). The direction of sizing is the warp yarn, and the direction of the weft yarn is not sizing.
(3) Generally, the denser fabric is in the warp direction, and the smaller fabric density is in the weft direction.
(4) For fabrics with obvious reed marks, the direction of the reed marks is the warp direction.
(5) For half-thread fabrics, usually the strand direction is the warp direction and the single yarn direction is the weft direction.
(6). If the yarns of the single yarn fabric are twisted at different times, the Z twist direction is the warp direction and the S twist direction is the weft direction.
(7). If the warp and weft yarn characteristics, twist direction, and twist degree of the fabric are not very different, the yarn with uniform yarn lines and better luster will be in the warp direction.
(8). If the yarns of the fabric have different twists, the ones with higher twist are mostly in the warp direction, and the ones with smaller twist are in the weft direction.
(9) For towel-like fabrics, the spinning direction of the terry yarn is the warp direction, and the spinning direction of the terry-free fabric is the weft direction.
(10), sliver fabric, the sliver direction is usually in the warp direction.
(11). If the fabric has a system of spinning yarns with multiple different characteristics, this direction is the warp direction.
(12) For leno fabrics, the direction of the twisted yarn is the warp direction, and the direction of the untwisted yarn is the weft direction.
(13) In the interlaced fabrics of different raw materials, generally cotton and wool or cotton and linen interlaced fabrics, cotton is the warp yarn; in the interlaced fabrics of wool and silk, the silk is the warp yarn; in the interlaced fabrics of wool, silk and cotton, the warp yarn is Silk and cotton are warp yarns; in the interlacing of natural silk and spun silk, the natural thread is the warp yarn; in the interlacing of natural silk and rayon, the natural silk is the warp yarn. Since fabrics have a wide range of uses and varieties, and the requirements for fabric raw materials and organizational structures are also diverse, the inference must be based on the specific conditions of the fabric.
3. The difference between the front and back of the fabric
(1) Generally, the patterns and colors on the front side of fabrics are clearer and more beautiful than those on the back side.
(2) For fabrics with special stripes and color-matching patterned fabrics, the front pattern must be clear and pleasing to the eye.
(3), convex and concave-convex fabrics, the front side is tight and delicate, with stripes or patterned ridges; while the reverse side is rough, with longer floating lines.
(4), raised fabric: single-sided raised fabric, the raised side is the front. For double-sided raised fabrics, the side with clean and neat piles is the front side of the fabric.
(5). Look at the edge of the fabric. The side with a clean and neat edge is the front of the fabric.
(6) For double-layer or multi-layer fabrics, if the warp and weft densities of the front and back sides are different, the front side will generally have a higher density or the front material will be better.
(7) Leno fabric: The side with clear lines and protruding twisted warps is the front.
(8) Towel fabric: The side with higher terry density is the front side.
(9) Printed fabric: The pattern is clear and the side with brighter color is the front.
(10). Whole piece of fabric: Except for export products, those with instructions (trademarks) and factory inspection stamps are usually on the reverse side. For most fabrics, there are obvious differences between the front and back sides, but there are also many fabrics whose front and back sides are very similar and can be used on both sides. Therefore, it is not necessary to distinguish the front and back sides of such fabrics.
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