Commonly used terms in textile flame retardant testing
The following fire protection terminology often appears in the fire protection testing of fabrics, and the chemical industry is summarized as follows:
(1)Combustion: When flammable substances leave the fire source, the oxidation and exothermic reaction occurs, accompanied by the phenomenon of burning out the flameless and flameless combustion zones.
(2)Burning: When a flammable substance comes into contact with a fire source, it is a flameless burning process in a solid state, accompanied by the phenomenon of exhaustion of the burning zone.
(3)Afterburning: After the burning material leaves the fire source, it still continues to burn with flames.
(4)Smoldering: After the ignited material leaves the fire source, there is still continuous flameless combustion.
(5)Flaming combustion: A gas phase combustion phenomenon accompanied by exhaustion.
(6)Smoke burning: A slow burning phenomenon that is endlessly visible, usually with smoke.
(7)Ignition temperature: Under specified test conditions, the low temperature at which the material begins to continue burning is usually called the ignition point.
(8)Pyrolysis: The irreversible chemical decomposition of materials at high temperatures without oxidation.
(9)Melting droplets: High-temperature melting drippings of materials.
(10)Carbonization: The process of forming carbonaceous residue during pyrolysis or incomplete combustion of materials.
(11)Fireproof: The property of a certain material to prevent, slow down or terminate flammable combustion.
(12)Flame spread: The expansion process of the flame front.
(13)Damage length: Under the specified test conditions, the maximum length of the material damage area in the specified direction, usually also called the char length.
(14)Limiting Oxygen Index (L0I): Under specified test conditions, the low concentration of oxygen in the nitrogen-oxygen mixture required to keep the material in a burning state.
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