Color stains are a chronic disease, mainly caused by the following reasons:
1、The chemical material is uneven. The main considerations are whether the temperature of the chemical materials is appropriate, whether they are agglomerated, and whether they are melted. When dye materials are mixed, they must be stirred evenly and filtered to reduce some large impurities and dye particles. The practice of many factories is to use cloth with better filterability for filtration. Anyway, it is the factory that makes the cloth, which is convenient, easy to obtain and very effective.
2. Whether the cloth surface is qualified, whether there are defects, whether there are impurities on the cloth surface, and whether it has been treated cleanly. The cleaning after pre-treatment is not clean, especially the residual acid and alkali on the cloth surface. An appropriate amount of caustic soda should be added during pre-treatment to avoid damage to the fabric. Sometimes parts of the fabric are over-treated with caustic soda, and the color may become darker.
3. Consider the water quality and whether there are impurities in the water. Seriously unqualified water quality, especially if the iron ion content is too large, can easily cause color stains.
4. The heating speed of coloring is not controlled well. Generally, the temperature rises too fast and the dye is not circulated in time.
5. Improper additives used in the coloring process. Note that the more additives you use, the better. For example, use bath softener, which is sometimes added to reduce wrinkles. Because there are many manufacturers supplying them, some can only be used in cotton, that is, they are not resistant to high temperatures of 130°C. They are also used on polyester, which will inevitably cause demulsification, agglomeration, and color stains. Its typical manifestation is oil spots. Locally uneven dark patches. In addition, after adding silicone oil or cationic softener to the dye vat at low temperature, the vat has not been cleaned and there are residues, which will be reflected when the lower vat is dyed. Everyone knows that silicone oil cannot be used at high temperatures, and the temperature should not exceed 40 degrees. But forget about the impact of its residue on the next tank.
6. Dye compatibility issues. Whether the application of dyes is reasonable and whether the compatibility of different dyes is appropriate; this must be discussed for specific varieties. Generally, cationic and acidic problems are more common. Of course, the use of dispersion materials in the factory requires skills, such as dark blue and black, which have very poor high-temperature dispersion. If the additives used are not resistant to high temperatures, there is a high chance of agglomeration in the dye vat. Of course, for this type of dye, the possibility of polyester color staining should be small, unless the selected dye is not compatible with the fiber. If you want to prevent it, you can add a small amount of dye guide agent when coloring to enhance the dye migration. .
In addition to the above problems, there are also the problems of uneven black and dark blue dye materials when using low-quality dyes with poor dispersion and high strength without using leveling agents with better dispersion properties; When special additives such as silicone oil and water repellent are added in the post-processing, and then the color is different during subsequent repairs, some need to be peeled off first and then colored; these aspects will easily cause serious spots.
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