How to distinguish the warp and weft directions of fabrics and the front and back sides
(1) If the fabric to be identified has a selvedge, the direction of the spinning yarn parallel to the selvedge is the warp direction, and the other direction is the weft direction. (2) The sizing is in the direction of the warp yarn, and the unsizing is in the direction of the weft yarn. (3) Generally, the denser fabric is in the warp direction, and the denser fabric is in the weft direction. (4) For fabrics with obvious reed marks, the direction of the reed marks is the warp direction. (5) For half-thread fabrics, the direction of the strands is usually the warp direction, and the single yarn direction is the weft direction. (6) If the yarns of single yarn fabrics are twisted at different times, the Z twist direction is the warp direction and the S twist direction is the weft direction. (7) If the warp and weft yarn characteristics, twist direction and twist degree of the fabric are not very different, then the yarn with uniform yarn lines and better luster will be in the warp direction. (8) If the yarn twists of the fabric are different, the twist will be greater in the warp direction and the twist will be smaller in the weft direction. (9) For towel fabrics, the spinning direction of the terry yarn is the warp direction, and the spinning direction of the terry-free fabric is the weft direction. (10) For sliver fabric, the sliver direction is usually in the warp direction. (11) If the fabric has a system of spinning yarns with multiple different characteristics, this direction is the warp direction. (12) For leno fabrics, the direction of twisted yarns is the warp direction, and the direction of untwisted yarns is the weft direction. (13) In interwoven fabrics of different raw materials, generally cotton and wool or cotton and linen interlaced fabrics, cotton is the warp yarn; in wool and silk interwoven fabrics, silk is the warp yarn; in wool and silk cotton interwoven fabrics, silk and cotton are warp yarns; natural silk In the interlacing of silk and silk, the natural thread is the warp; in the interlacing of natural silk and rayon, the natural silk is the warp. Since fabrics have a wide range of uses and varieties, and the requirements for fabric raw materials and organizational structures are also diverse, the inference must be based on the specific conditions of the fabric. The difference between the front and back sides of fabrics (1) Generally, the patterns and colors on the front side of fabrics are clearer and more beautiful than those on the back side. (2) For fabrics with special stripes and color-matching pattern fabrics, the front pattern must be clear and pleasing to the eye. (3) The front side of convex and concave-convex fabrics is tight and delicate, with stripes or patterned ridges; while the reverse side is rougher and has longer floating lines. (4) Fleece fabric: Single-sided fleece fabric, the fleece side is the front. For double-sided raised fabrics, the side with clean and neat piles is the front side of the fabric. (5) Look at the edge of the fabric. The side with a clean and neat edge is the front of the fabric. (6) For double-layer or multi-layer fabrics, if the warp and weft densities of the front and back sides are different, the front side will generally have a higher density or the front material will be better. (7) Leno fabric: The side with clear lines and prominent twisted warps is the front. (8) Towel fabric: The side with higher terry density is the front side. (9) Printed fabric: The side with clear pattern and brighter color is the front. (10) Whole piece of fabric: Except for export products, those with instructions (trademarks) and factory inspection stamps are usually on the reverse side. For most fabrics, there are obvious differences between the front and back sides, but there are also many fabrics whose front and back sides are very similar and can be used on both sides. Therefore, it is not necessary to distinguish the front and back sides of such fabrics.
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