Woolen fabric wet finishing equipment – texturing machine
11 Functions and types of woolen fabrics
Woolen fabrics are a finishing process that makes wool fabrics have a tight, full, thick and soft texture, and forms fluff on the surface to increase their warmth retention. It is mainly used for the finishing of woolen wool fabrics. . Commonly used shrinking equipment include roller shrinking machines and combined washing and shrinking machines.
21 Roller-type texturing machines
There are two types of roller-type texturing machines, light and heavy-duty. Currently, the ones produced in my country are widely used, including N061 light-weight texturing machine and N062 heavy-duty texturing machine. . Light-duty woolen fabrics are suitable for woolen fabrics, while heavy-duty woolen fabrics are suitable for heavy-duty woolen fabrics. The structure, fabric operation and finishing methods of the two finishing machines are basically the same, but the pressure applied and the size of the machine are different. Now we will take a light woolen machine as an example to explain its structure, function and woolen process.
Figure 11-6 shows the structural diagram of the N061 light woolen machine. It is mainly composed of a woolen roll, a narrowing roll, a shrinking box, a woolen trough, a pressurizing device and a sewage hopper.
There is a pair of rubber shrinking rollers in the shrinking box. The upper roller is a passive roller and the lower roller is a driving roller. When shrinking, the wool fabric passes through the nip point of two shrinking rollers and enters the shrinking box. The shrink box consists of a bottom plate and a movable pressing plate, which shrinks the length of the billet. The bottom plate is 10° to 16° from the horizontal and can be adjusted. The pressure plate is pressurized downward by the pressurizing device to control the compression effect of the wool fabric in the warp direction in the shrink box. The pressure of the upper pressure plate can be adjusted as needed. The smaller the inclination angle of the bottom plate, the greater the pressure of the upper platen, the more congestion of fabrics in the shrink box, the longer the warp shrinkage action time, and the greater the warp shrinkage. The narrowing roller is a pair of small straight rubber rollers with an adjustable distance. By adjusting the distance between the two rollers, the width and shrinkage of the wool fabric in the weft direction can be controlled. The dividing frame is a rectangular frame equipped with several copper spacers that can rotate freely. Each piece of woolen blank passes through a partition so that the pieces of fabric will not be tangled with each other when the fabric is running. The dividing frame is connected to the automatic stopping device. When the fabric becomes knotted or equipment failure occurs, the dividing frame is lifted and the equipment automatically stops.
The running route of woolen fabrics when shrinking is: shrinking roller → shrinking box → shrinking trough → guide roller → dividing frame → guide roller → narrowing roller → shrinking roller
The shrinking process is: wool The fabric enters the equipment in the form of an endless rope and is drawn by the woolen rollers and circulates in the woolen machine. The fabric is first squeezed through the nip point of the shrinking roller and pushed to the shrink box. Under the action of the shrink box pressing plate, the fabric shrinks in the warp direction. After the fabric comes out of the shrinking box, it falls into the shrinking box, passes through the dividing box and the narrowing roller, enters the pressing point of the shrinking roller, and is pushed into the shrinking box. The fabric obtains shrinkage at the shrinking roller. This reciprocating cycle completes the shrinking process.
31 Washing and shrinking combined machine
Washing and shrinking combined machine is an organic combination of washing machine and shrinking machine, which can achieve the purpose of shrinking and washing at the same time. The structure is shown in Figure 11-7. Install shrinking plates and shrinking boxes before and after the upper and lower rollers of the washing machine to form a combined washing and shrinking machine.
When washing and shrinking combined machine washing is used, it has a slight shrinking effect.
However, the efficiency of woolening is low and the pile surface of the woolen fabric is poor. Therefore, it is not suitable for separate woolening finishing.
4. Coloring Machine
The coloring of wool fabrics can be divided into three types: loose wool coloring, top coloring and piece dyeing. The coloring equipment used includes loose hair coloring machines, hair ball (strip) coloring machines and loose rope coloring machines. Their structure and performance are detailed in Chapter 7 of this book.
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