Basic overview of Pakistan cotton
Pakistan is an agricultural country, with 90% of the agricultural population producing rice, wheat and cotton. Cotton is Pakistan’s main cash crop and export-generated foreign exchange resource. Pakistan’s cotton is mainly grown in the eastern provinces of Punjab, Sindh and the North-West Frontier Province bordering India. The two provinces have a typical continental climate, with a long frost-free period and good irrigation conditions in the Indus River Basin. In addition, 70 to 90% of the cotton growing period is sunny and sunny, and there is basically no rain during the maturity and flowering periods. The superior natural conditions are conducive to cotton growth. , frost-free flowers, green bell flowers, good fiber quality. Among the above, Punjab Province has the largest output, accounting for about 55% of the national output, Sindh Province accounts for about 35%, and other cotton areas account for about 10%.
In the past, Pakistani cotton was short in length, contained many impurities, and was of low grade (below SLM). However, since the early 1980s, the Pakistan Central Cotton Committee and its affiliated scientific research units have spared no effort to cultivate superior varieties to replace old and degraded varieties, and also paid attention to improving cotton finishing conditions. In recent years, its quality has been greatly improved.
Cotton in Pakistan is grown freely, and farmers pick it manually. Most of the cotton is directly given to nearby gins, and the purchase price is adjusted by the market. The transformation of cotton finishing technology in Pakistan is not progressing quickly, and top roller finishing currently accounts for nearly half of the total finishing volume.
Pakistani cotton mainly has three grades: 1467, AFZAL, and ALAKA. AFZAL is the standard grade, with a length of 26mm, a micronaire value of 3.6~4.6, and a strength of 25GPT or higher. The water impurities are very large, with more than three filaments, and only low-count ring spinning and open-end spinning can be spun.
Pakistani cotton is divided into four categories according to fiber length: short velvet (less than 21 mm), medium velvet (21~25 mm), medium long velvet (26~28 mm), and long velvet (28~33 mm). Medium-long velvet generally accounts for 60~70% of total output.
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